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Why Cockroaches Are So Hard To Kill
°ü¸®ÀÚ 2021-04-16 ¿ÀÈÄ 1:16:32 4857

 

 

Description: 

Cockroaches are one of the most widespread and resilient creatures on this planet. 

They are practically everywhere around us, hiding in the walls, sewers, and perhaps

your cupboard. They are also one of the most hated creatures by humans.

If you are like most people, you will become determined to kill all of the roaches 

when you see them in your house. Despite such hatred towards them, how do 

cockroaches manage to thrive all around the globe? 

 

Transcription: 

You might not want to think about this, but over 3500 species of cockroaches

live on this planet. The good news? Only about 30 of those species have 

adapted to live around humans. The bad news? 30 species of cockroaches 

can live around us! Roaches are one of the most common pests in the US. 

So it's no surprise that humans are always trying to kill them. But no matter 

how many times we stomp them, squash them, and bomb them with toxic 

chemicals, these pesky pests always seem to pop up time and time again.

So what's going on? Let's take a closer look at the roach you probably know 

better than you'd like. Periplaneta Americana. Aka,the American Cockroach. 

But this name is misleading. This guy is actually from Africa,not America. 

It made its way to the US by infesting boats in the 16th century,and it's been

spreading to almost every corner in the world ever since. It turns out,it's one of 

the largest species of cockroach around. But that's not the only big thing about it.

New research has revealed that it has a massive genome. One of the largest

of any studied insect. And may of these genes are exactly what make this roach

a master survivor. Let's start with the genes associated with something called

Chemoreception. That's how roaches smell and taste their environment. 

Turns out they're actually way better at sniffing out and eating food than most 

other insects. The American roach has 154 olfactory receptors for smell,

and 544 gustatory receptors for taste. More than any other insect on the planet.

As a result, these cockroaches are not picky eaters. Sure, they like cheese, 

meat and sugar like the rest of us, but they'll also go for things like cardboard, 

book bindings, human toenails,rotting meat, blood, excrement, and even each 

other. That's right, these roaches have been known to eat other dead or 

crippled cockroaches, all in the name of survival. It sounds gross, but this 

diverse diet makes it easy to find a meal just about anywhere, even if it's

poisonous to most animals. This roach has a bunch of genes called Cytochrome 

P450s, which help it withstand poisonous chemicals,like peppermint. 

These genes code for detoxification enzymes, which keep the insect safe. 

On top of that, this roach has a super-strong immune system that 

seeks out and kills harmful microbes and fungi, making the most unsanitary 

environment look like a five-start hotel to the American cockroach.

Not gross enough yet? Well consider this. Cockroaches can live nearly a week 

without their heads. Yeah, that's not a myth. They don't have a highly pressurized

network of blood vessels like humans, so they don't bleed out. Instead, their necks

actually seal off the opening. They can't regenerate a whole head, but roaches to

have an impressive set of regenerative superpowers. For up to the first two years 

of its life, the American roach goes through a series of regenerative molts as it 

matures into an adult. During a single molt stage, it can replace lost limbs. 

And over a series of molts, it can regrow antennae and even its eyes. Roaches

may be hard to kill, but there's an easy way to keep them clear of your kitchen. 

Cleanliness. A roach just won't survive in unsanitary conditions, it actually enjoys 

it. Its heightened senses mean it actually relishes rotting food. So, store food in 

airtight containers. Cover trash bins, and keep your basement dry. It might also be

smart to plug holes in your walls, unused electrical outlets, and especially drains,

since get this, roaches can use your plumbing to climb up from sewers into your

bathroom sink. It might not eliminate the risk entirely, but it can't hurt, and it will 

certainly make you feel better. However, we can't promise it will keep them out

of your nightmares. 

 

Questions: 

1. How many species of cockroach are there? 

2. What abilities do cockroaches have to survive?

3. What can we do to avoid cockroaches?


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